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2 power firms fined for failing to avert blackout

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ISLAMABAD: The National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (Nepra) has imposed Rs25 million each on Central Power Purchasing Agency (CPPA) and National Grid Company (NGC) for their failure to ensure blackstart facilities at various power stations under power purchase agreements and relevant legal requirements.

The legal action against the two major power sector state-owned entities (SOEs) followed a nationwide power breakdown in January 2021, which took around 20 hours to re-energise the power supply network due to non-functioning or non-availability of blackstart facilities that should be available at each power station under the laws to ensure fast recovery of power supply in the event of breakdowns.

The power plants, both in the private and public sectors, have built-in costs in their tariff for such facilities.

The CPPA is required to have standard operating procedures in place with all power plants for blackstart facilities, while NGC should have tested such facilities. While the Nepra, during the process of investigation, found that many power stations lacked such facilities and did not function when they were needed in 2021, but noted that despite subsequent instructions, almost one-third were still missing by February 2025.

Engagements during the course of show cause and hearings, the two entities tried to justify their inadequacy in enforcing contractual obligations over public sector and independent power producers and could take any legal action.

Nepra finally concluded that the SOEs’ position lacked legal and regulatory strength, overlooked the binding nature of contracts and regulations and could not demonstrate proactive enforcement of these obligations. Not only this, but the CPPA’s approach reflected delays, inconsistencies, and a lack of clarity in dealing with the matter.

It said the SOEs constituted a violation of laws and other applicable documents by failing to finalise the operating procedures with different power plants and by not signing the Black Start procedures with concerned power plants, despite repeated directions of the regulator.

During the hearings, a number of power plants adopted the stance that they had submitted the draft operating procedures to the NPCC (national power control centre of NGC) and the CPPA for approval, but could not be signed due to SOEs.

The SOEs even failed to implement specific directions of the regulator for time-bound finalisation of standard operating procedures (SOPs) and activation or commission of black start facilities.

It noted that although some progress had been made, finalising SOPs for only 75 out of 112 companies (approximately 67pc) still reflected a significant compliance gap.

Published in Dawn, December 9th, 2025



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$119m withdrawn from T-bills in Nov

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KARACHI: Instead of improving, the foreign investment climate has become more difficult for Pakistan, as seen in treasury bills where outflows surged by 54 per cent in November — a trend similar to that of foreign direct investment (FDI).

November proved to be the worst month for T-bill inflows and outflows so far in FY26. According to the State Bank’s latest data, foreign inflows in T-bills amounted to $77 million against outflows of $119m during the month.

Most of the outflows went back to Arab countries despite their assurances of investing in Pakistan. The trend is disappointing for a government striving to attract foreign investors across sectors and offering incentives through the Special Investment Facilitation Council (SIFC). Despite its creation to draw investment, the SIFC has yet to achieve meaningful results, and the Board of Investment has also been unable to secure major successes.

During November, the highest inflows came from the UK at $37m, followed by $20m from the UAE and $19m from Bahrain. However, the largest outflows — $51m and $41m — also went to the UAE and Bahrain, respectively, while the UK saw an outflow of $27m.

Govt raises Rs1.2tr amid over-liquid market

The inflow-outflow pattern shows that only a few countries are investing small amounts in high-yielding (around 11pc) T-bills. Despite attractive returns, the broader investment environment appears unappealing. Ongoing terrorism in two provinces and tensions with India and Afghanistan have further undermined investor confidence.

This is reflected in the shrinking FDI, which fell by 26pc in the first four months of the current fiscal year — already the lowest level in the region.

In the first five months of FY26, T-bill inflows were still higher than outflows at $410m compared to $333m during the same period.

Analysts and currency watchers remain pessimistic about any substantial improvement in foreign investment in the second half of the fiscal year.

The government, however, hopes to generate dollars through the sale of PIA and other assets, although major bidders are expected to be Pakistani investors with strong industrial presence. Despite the government signing MoUs with countries, including Saudi Arabia and the UAE, observers do not see significant foreign investment materialising anytime soon.

Treasury bills, bonds

The government raised a total of Rs1.2 trillion through the auction of Market Treasury Bills (MTBs) and Pakistan Investment Bonds (PIBs) on Wednesday.

According to the State Bank, the government raised Rs884.7bn through direct auction of T-bills and Rs97bn through non-competitive bids, bringing the total to Rs981.7bn. An additional Rs190.7bn was raised via 10-year PIBs, taking the day’s total mobilisation to Rs1.2tr.

The market appears over-liquid, with T-bill bids reaching Rs1,925bn and PIB bids Rs523bn — a combined Rs2.448tr. This also indicates low private-sector borrowing and sluggish economic activity, mirroring the past three years.

Published in Dawn, December 11th, 2025



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US Exim Bank okays $1.2bn for Reko Diq

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ISLAMABAD: The Exim Bank of the United States has approved $1.25 billion in financing to support the mining and critical minerals in Reko Diq, US Charge d’Affaires in Pakistan, Natalie Baker said in a video statement on Wednesday.

In the coming years, she said in her message on social media, the project financing will bring in $2bn in high-quality US mining equipment and services needed to build and operate Reko Diq mines.

Along with creating an estimated 6,000 jobs in the US and 7,500 jobs in Balochistan, the Reko Diq project serves as a model for mining projects, benefiting US exporters as well as local Pakistani communities and partners by bringing employment and prosperity for both nations, Ms Baker said.

Such initiatives are central to American diplomacy, she said, foreseeing further agreements between US companies and their Pakistani counterparts in the critical minerals and mining sector.

Published in Dawn, December 11th, 2025





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Oil, gas found in Kohat

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ISLAMABAD: The state-owned Oil and Gas Development Company Ltd (OGDC) announced on Wednesday that it has made a significant oil and gas discovery in the Nashpa Block of Kohat in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

In a statement, the country’s largest oil and gas producer said the hydrocarbon resource was found at its exploratory well Baragzai X-01 (Slant) in Nashpa Block.

“The well is currently producing 2,280 barrels per day of oil and 5.6 million standard cubic feet per day (mmscfd) of gas, through choke size 32/64” at wellhead flowing pressure of 2400 psi”, it said.

This marked the first hydrocarbon discovery from the Kingriali Formation in the Nashpa Block.

Published in Dawn, December 11th, 2025



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