Pakistan’s benchmark stock index, the KSE-100, was trading in the green, up 1273.32 points by 11:55am on Tuesday, following the largest single-session decline in the bourse’s history on Monday

This comes after the index had surged 3,000.76 points by 9:50am, gaining 1.97 per cent from its previous close of 151,972.99 points and marking a significant rebound from yesterday’s drop of more than 16,000 points.

The recovery followed brief early volatility, with the benchmark slipping 700 points into the red at 9:16am.

Investors are now watching to see whether volatility persists amid geopolitical uncertainty. In particular, the assassination of Ali Khamenei, Iran’s supreme leader, in airstrikes by the United States and Israel has destabilised the Middle East, triggered a rout in global equity markets, and fuelled a surge in oil and gas prices.

The developments have heightened fears of supply disruptions as Tehran retaliates.

Topline Research noted that given the evolving nature of the conflict and the involvement of multiple countries, volatility may continue until the situation stabilises.

So far, trading volumes have remained healthy at 112,224,609 with a value of 8,762,351,732.

Gold prices rose for a fifth consecutive session on Tuesday as investors sought safe-haven assets amid an escalating US and Israeli air war against Iran, raising fears the conflict could spiral into a protracted regional war and deepen uncertainty.

Spot gold was up 0.7 per cent at $5,362.90 per ounce, as of 04:52 GMT. In the previous session, bullion climbed to its highest point in more than four weeks after the US and Israel launched strikes on Iran over the weekend.

US gold futures for April delivery were up 1.2pc at $5,376.50.

“The scope and duration of the conflict remain very much open-ended, and with those uncertainties in play, gold is capturing the lion’s share of safe-haven demand,” KCM Trade chief market analyst Tim Waterer said.

Iranian media reported that a senior official from the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) said on Monday that the Strait of Hormuz has been closed and warned that Iran would fire on any ship trying to pass through the strategic waterway.

This is Iran’s most explicit warning since telling ships it was closing the export route on Saturday, a move that threatens to choke a fifth of global oil flows and send crude prices sharply higher.

The dollar hovered close to a more than five-week high reached on Monday, supported by firm demand and cautious market sentiment.

While a firmer greenback typically makes dollar-denominated assets such as bullion more expensive for holders of other currencies, that inverse relationship is not absolute. In times of heightened uncertainty, such as escalating conflict or broader market volatility, investors often buy both the dollar and gold as safe-haven assets.

“Gold would arguably be trading higher than current levels were it not for dollar appreciation since the conflict intensified. Inflation worries are front and centre for traders right now, given the direction of oil prices and reduced shipping volumes through the Strait of Hormuz,” Waterer added.

US President Donald Trump has vowed to pursue the conflict for as long as necessary and warned of a “big wave” of further attacks coming soon, without providing specific details.

The attack on Iran has pitched the Gulf into war, killing scores of civilians in Iran, Israel, and Lebanon, thrown global air transport into chaos, and shut down shipping through the Strait of Hormuz.

Spot silver edged 0.2pc higher to $89.64 per ounce on Tuesday, after climbing to a more than four-week high in the previous session.

Spot platinum added 0.3pc to $2,297.05 per ounce, while palladium gained 1pc to $1,784.81.

Pakistan’s benchmark stock index, the KSE-100, was trading in the green, up 3,000.76 points by 9:50am on Tuesday, following the largest single-session decline in the bourse’s history on Monday.

The index had gained 1.97 per cent from its previous close of 151,972.99 points, marking a significant rebound after yesterday’s drop of more than 16,000 points.

Investors are now watching to see whether volatility persists amid geopolitical uncertainty. In particular, the assassination of Ali Khamenei, Iran’s supreme leader, in airstrikes by the United States and Israel has destabilised the Middle East, triggered a rout in global equity markets, and fuelled a surge in oil and gas prices.

The developments have heightened fears of supply disruptions as Tehran retaliates.

Topline Research noted that given the evolving nature of the conflict and the involvement of multiple countries, volatility may continue until the situation stabilises.

So far, trading volumes have remained healthy at 112,224,609 with a value of 8,762,351,732.