Magazines
COLUMN : ASPIRING TO RUSSELL’S FOCUS
I have written in these pages before about my forays into learning Urdu. Now I think through the need for mentors in adult language acquisition.
Learning a language later in life is challenging. In middle age, my memory is less elastic, and my thought processes more deeply inscribed than when I was in my teens and twenties. Yet models exist of people who have given themselves to a new language with Sufistic surrender. One such figure is the late Ralph Russell. Although he began earlier than I did, he remains an inspiring example of how adult learners can pleasurably drown the ego and the mother tongue in a new language.
Russell was born in East London in 1918 but, like me, he spent his formative years in Yorkshire. His home was in the then East Ridings (mostly Holme-on-Spalding-Moor) rather than my own West Yorkshire (Leeds).
I can’t help but notice the pattern of initials either. Like the distinguished Urdu scholar Carlo Coppola, my co-translator Aqeel Ahmad, and me, Russell’s name carries doubled initials, “RR.” Such coincidences are insignificant, but for someone immersed in language learning, faint linguistic echoes resound with hope.
After his Yorkshire infancy, Russell moved back to London, where he was sent to public school. He is careful in his first autobiography, Findings, Keepings, to stress the “minor” status of that institution and his own lowly scholarship boy standing. This hedging was due to his left-wing politics, which I’ll discuss shortly.
In school, and at Cambridge soon after, he specialised in Classics. Russell’s love for the ancient world stayed with him for life. In his writing, he drew a direct line from that early grounding in Latin and Greek to his later passion for Urdu literature.
Folklore, stories, slogans, jokes and poems all delighted him. He often recalled lines from songs and seems to have relished parody, rewriting lyrics to familiar tunes and singing them in comic fashion. These moments of levity pepper his prose, suggesting that, for Russell, language was always about play as well as scholarship. In terms of the lessons he transmits to a contemporary student like me, having fun while working is an effective technique. This is demonstrated by the gamification of language learning by apps such as Duolingo.
In both autobiographies, Findings, Keepings and Losses, Gains, Russell pledges to be honest about his life, sometimes proving disarmingly so. He offers more detail than many readers might expect from a scholar sharing personal experiences.
These include reflections on his inept or even predatory sexual behaviour as a young man. Russell’s determination to record his life without self-censorship is part of his philosophy about the art of life writing. “My belief,” says he, “is that there ought to be no subject whatever which mature adults should not be able to talk about to each other.” He wanted not only to relay his story but to tell it truthfully, however uncomfortably that honesty might land. Even so, the anecdotes have not aged well in the era of MeToo.
As a teenager, Russell became a communist, an ideological allegiance that moulded the rest of his life. His memoirs disclose, sometimes unwittingly, the intellectual contortions required to reconcile this commitment with his experiences. Such experiences include his service as a soldier in the British Army during the Second World War. He was posted to India for three years after deciding that fighting an imperialist war was preferable to a fascist victory.
Similarly, he had to weigh up his lifelong support for the Soviet Union against Joseph Stalin’s bloodthirsty despotism. Toeing the party line at the time, he later admitted that he had been “blind to the horrors” of communist Russia.
More positively, communism gave him a strident belief in social and economic equality. It also sparked the young Russell’s study of Urdu. Unlike most Britons of his generation, he resolved to speak to, and build relationships with, ordinary Indians. Despite some political missteps, it is admirable how determined he was to keep faithful to an ideal, even while wrestling with its contradictions. He declares “communis[m], the study of Urdu, and an awareness of love” to be “the three main strands of my life.”
Russell was, at first, open-minded and then became knowledgeable about South Asian customs and religions, while holding on to his atheism. Given this worldview, it is unsurprising to find that he formed strong links with several members of the Progressive Writers Association, being close friends with Krishan Chander in particular.
Later, again like me, Russell became a university academic, teaching Urdu for roughly 30 years at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London. His scholarly contributions were immense. Through translations, teaching, and his enthusiasm for Urdu literature both in university and community settings, he shaped generations of students and helped to bring the richness of that tradition into English.
The British academic’s legacy is rightly associated with ghazal poetry. He admits he didn’t understand the form at first, writing in The Pursuit of Urdu Literature that he saw such verse as “a string on which are threaded, in apparently haphazard order, pearls, rubies, pretty pebbles, and cheap beads.” But over time, he became the genre’s devotee and ultimately did more to make Mirza Ghalib’s ghazals famous in the West than almost anyone else.
Russell is full of good advice I keep coming back to, for example cautioning against “letting [one’s] Urdu rust” through lack of use. I’ve begun to view this as daily exercise for the mind, doing my reps to see incremental progress, just as I would in the gym.
He discusses how he fought against getting too comfortable with “saaf tor par” [correct or bookish] Urdu. Instead, he recommends speaking to people with a range of voices, accents and dialects. This is salient because orality differs from books and can easily wrongfoot the inexperienced student. The idea also carries across to the written word, as it is important for novices to get used to various fonts and to read a wealth of texts, from newspapers and public notices to social media posts and old handwritten manuscripts.
Russell died in 2008 after a life that, while full enough on its own, was “immeasurably enriched” by Urdu. I don’t want to be like him — which would anyway be impossible. Nonetheless, I aspire to the single-minded focus with which he pursued the beauty and complexity of Urdu literature.
The columnist is Professor of Global Literature at the University of York in the UK, and author of five books. Bluesky: @clarachambara
Published in Dawn, Books & Authors, November 23rd, 2025
Magazines
Wonder Craft: Paper cup dustbin – Newspaper
Recycling things is one of those habits that makes you feel proud, like you did something good without trying too hard and also helped the environment.
We all have things lying around, some in use, some totally useless, and half the time we don’t even notice them. So one random moment, a thought came into my mind: why not turn a paper cup into something useful instead of throwing it away? And then I came up with making this tiny DIY craft dustbin from a simple paper cup. It’s a small, fun idea that actually “works” and looks cute on the table. Let’s start making.
Things you need:
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Two paper cups (you can also use plastic)
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Scotch tape
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Scissors
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Craft stick one
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Pencil
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Glue stick
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Two pieces of coloured paper (green and any other colour)
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Hot glue (optional)
Directions:
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Put the cup upside down on any coloured paper (other than green). Trace a circle around the rim with a pencil and cut it out; pictures 2 and 3.
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Take another paper cup and cut off the curved top part along with about one centimetre of the cup below it; see pictures 4 and 5. This trimmed cup will go inside the main cup later.
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Cut a cup-wrap shape from green paper. Then cover the outside of the main cup with a glue stick; pictures 6 and 7.
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Make a small slit at the bottom of the cup, with scissors or a paper cutter, just big enough for a craft stick to slide in easily; pictures 8 and 9.
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On the craft stick, measure about one inch from one end, flatten the curved sides and paste the flattened part down one inch from one side of the remaining stick; see pictures 10 and 11.
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Carefully push the smaller end of the stick into the slit at the bottom of the cup, leaving the longer part of the stick outside; see picture 12.
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Now insert the smaller cut cup (the one we trimmed earlier) inside the main cup; picture 13.
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Take the circle you cut from the coloured paper in step 1, place it on top of your dustbin as a lid and tape it on from one side with scotch tape. When you press the stick outside, the inner cup lifts upward and the lid opens just like the real dustbins; see picture 14.
Isn’t it amazing and cute DIY?
The writer can be contacted at ithecraftman@gmail.com
Published in Dawn, Young World, December 6th, 2025
Magazines
Story time : The veiled robber – Newspaper
My school had taken us to the State Bank Museum as part of its educational field trip programme. I was on cloud nine, as I had a keen interest in finance and how the commerce and banking system operate. My friends had brought snacks for the trip and we enjoyed them along with constant giggles and commotion. The view was mesmerising as we passed the beach, watching the waves seamlessly crash into the sand.
As we reached our destination, my eyes immediately locked onto the massive building. It was a fine piece of stone and brick, with the marble shimmering in the distance. I noticed the lead used for the windows and the concrete shaping the entrance. According to the guide, the materials used in designing and building this colossal structure had been imported from England and Italy decades ago and had been well preserved ever since.
The air conditioner’s cool air greeted us as we entered the museum’s premises. The guide showed us a presentation about money and how it had evolved over the decades. After that, we were escorted to a room with large paintings.
They resembled Roman mosaics and contained a great deal of colour and detail. I learnt that the paintings explained how commerce worked in ancient times through barter trading and then gold. Agriculture was also visible in the paintings, highlighting its significance, and then modern-day banknotes and vaults were also depicted. We looked at a few other paintings, but quickly began to feel listless, as did the others; only a true artist could comprehend and appreciate the effort put into them, which we were not.
Moving on, we entered a room filled with glass cases. They contained numerous coins of various colours and sizes. Different figures were engraved on them and they looked fascinating. Alongside them were ancient forms of money, such as seashells, miniature clay tablets and so on.
“These are ancient relics spanning from the kingdoms in India, such as the Guptas and Dravidians, to the Muslim and Mongol empires,” explained the guide.
I scanned the cases, pondering how each ruler was so eager to have their face minted on the coins of their kingdoms. I came across old banknotes as well, dating back to the time the British ruled India. The banknotes had pictures of King George of England on them and I felt as if I had teleported back in time, especially since the interior of the museum also resembled a British building from the post–World War II era.
The guide then led us to a hall decorated with stamps and posters collected over the past century. Looking at posters and stamps doesn’t really float my boat, so I slipped out of the crowd.
Suddenly, something peculiar caught my attention. Bizarre sounds were echoing from a room and curiosity gripped me. I made my way towards it. A person was inside, their face obscured by a veil. I was puzzled as to whether the figure was male or female, but I was determined to uncover their identity. Just then, I couldn’t control myself and sneezed.
The figure spun around and noticed me. I held my composure, keeping my eyes locked on the mysterious person, and spotted a rope within my reach. My heart began racing, yet I steadied myself and flung the rope at the individual’s feet, causing them to trip. The veil came off and, dumbfounded, I scratched my head briefly.
It was Elvis Presley standing there, staring at me!
“That man died decades ago… so how could he be right before my eyes?” I wondered.
Immediately, I smelt rubber and understood what had transpired. Without thinking twice, I yanked at his face. He resisted, but due to my dogged persistence, he had nowhere to run.
After relentless effort, I managed to pull the mask off and before me stood the manager of the bank. My jaw dropped.
My school teachers and students, along with the security, had gathered as I had caused quite a commotion. The manager was arrested on the spot and after a few inquiries, the police informed our school that he had been after the ancient relics. He had calculated their approximate worth ever since he assumed office. The value ran into the billions, and he was planning to steal it all under the guise of being manager.
The security forces and museum staff thanked me, and my school was notified that the executive board, as well as I, had been invited to the capital for a state dinner celebrating this remarkable achievement. I was to be awarded a medal and recognised as a national hero.
Published in Dawn, Young World, December 6th, 2025
Magazines
Story time : Finding your tribe! – Newspaper
“Guys, wait for me!” I called to my friends as I was packing my bag.
They didn’t seem to want to wait and just kept walking. I caught up with them, but they looked pretty miffed about me buzzing around them. They finally heaved a sigh of relief when I headed towards another door, as we went through different gates, me to the van area and they to the car parking.
We were a group of five, that perfect gang that was fit to be on a drama cast. We had the innocent Mishal, the sassy Bismah, the fashionista Rumaissa, the quiet Aliza and, of course, the high scorer (I’m only admitting this for a good intro), me. We had been together since day one of this year. But now, they were ignoring me.
Okay, so a little fact about me: I’ve always been ready to please people, ready to adjust. I make friends with everyone, though I kind of prefer if they are a bit like me.
Being totally unaware of why I was being ignored, I started guessing the reason. Obviously, I thought it was because I always wore desi clothes while hoodies and T-shirts made up most of their wardrobe. I assumed it was because I was a bit behind on trends. So, determined to change things back to normal, I decided to show that I was hurt.
I started getting quieter in class, more distant. I don’t know how I actually looked, but I might have done a great job; my classmates were asking what was wrong. But my friends weren’t. They were too busy in their own lives. All except Bismah, though. She always made me feel like I mattered.
It was just an ordinary science class when the teacher asked us to divide into groups of four for a project. The marks would be added to the final exams, so, for once, our class was taking it seriously.
“Hey, let’s do it together,” Bismah whispered. I nodded fervently. “Though we need two more members…” she trailed off.
“You can ask Mishal and Aliza,” I offered. I seriously thought that would do the trick. And it did.
We worked hard for a week, our WhatsApp chats flooded with ideas and documents. We actually got a pretty good grade, and I thought everything was back to normal, that we were travelling back to Friendshipville.
But the second we walked out of the classroom, they forgot I was there. Only Bismah stayed by my side. It was tempting to wave my arms and say, “Hello? You guys know I exist or was I only real for doing hard work so you could get a good grade?!”
But I didn’t say anything. I never do. I was officially replaced in my gang by Zunaira, Amira and Hannah. I just went into a loop of endless confusion and sprained trust.
It was just luck that one day, when our teacher shuffled our seats, I got a seat next to Zara, Maryam and Friha.
Zara was the cricket expert, like seriously, The Cricket Expert. She could hit ten sixes in a row and won us every match against other classes. Maryam was the music fan, the one who is a bit annoying and sarcastic, but a very good friend. Friha was the class buddy, always checking in with everyone and providing emotional support.
They had always supported me. Once, I was hesitant about talking about a particular thing because I thought people would think I was weird or cringe. Maryam and Friha had towered above me (even though I’m taller than both of them).
“Seriously, Fatimah, stop worrying who will think what,” Maryam said.
“Life’s too short to worry. What has to happen, has to happen,” Friha added, grinning.
Zara, as usual, was ready to distract my mind with a cricket bat in her hand.
They always stayed by me, never letting me feel alone in a crowd. They always made sure they had an endless supply of humour and comebacks for me. I was very hesitant about playing sports, but one day after a random game of throwball with them, I got so much encouragement.
“You should play a whole lot more, maybe even consider entering school matches,” Zara had said.
“Maybe… I don’t know. I just like playing with you guys. Thanks, though,” I had replied, grinning.
I always felt scared about setting boundaries with other people. But my new friends had already asked to set some rules. They made sure I wasn’t hiding anything that was bothering me.
I tried my best to be there for them as well. I remember that during the class party, Maryam had been freaking out because a girl in another class had worn the exact same dress as her.
“Please, relax,” I had hissed while she muttered about being accused of copying. “She has a different print on hers. No one has time to notice.”
I still talked to my old group, smiled at them and stayed friendly, especially with Bismah, who I still text, because I hadn’t really left them. I had just let them be more complete without me, more perfect without me. And honestly, I agree. They seem better off without me.
Sometimes there are places where you fit, but there are places where you fit even better. Sometimes it’s hard to let go, but sometimes, you have to.
I did, and now, when I see Mishal, Rumaissa, Bismah, Aliza, Zunaira, Amira and Hannah goofing around, I realise I not only found new friends, but I also let them be themselves more freely without me there, accidentally ruining their vibe.
I get it, it’s hard. But once you do it, chances are you’ll cherish your decision.
Stop running after people, stop depending on them.
See the people who trust you, who make you feel you have a place in their hearts.
Because they, I must say, might be the ones who are truly yours.
Published in Dawn, Young World, December 6th, 2025
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