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Dirty skies: The invisible cost of conflict – Newspaper

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You walk into a forest and there’s that deep, woody, earthy smell that just hits you. The fog, the dampness and that cool mist in the morning, and your senses pick them up immediately without you having to try. The air around you right now is doing the same thing. It could be your room, an air freshener you sprayed or just that heavy summer heat in the air. Whatever it is, the air is always giving you a sense of what’s around you.

But think about it on a bigger scale. That air didn’t just appear. It has been moving, over oceans, over deserts, through cities and over open fields. It has passed over places that are green, alive and beautiful. And it has also passed over dirty places, neglected ones and some that are literally burning.

Burning could mean wildfires, but it also includes places where wars are taking place. War is the most heinous crime on earth and should never happen in any way. It doesn’t just kill people. It destroys everything around them, too! The roads, the hospitals and the schools, all gone or damaged. Businesses shut down. Families fall apart. People who survived the bombs now can’t find work, can’t afford food and can’t access a doctor. The whole system, the everyday life, just collapses. And rebuilding takes not years, but generations.

For the past few decades, the severe effects of climate change on Earth is impossible to ignore; the heat is rising and things are not going back to normal. And now with the wars and bombardment in Palestine, Lebanon, Iran and the whole Middle East, things are just getting messier and going out of hand.

War doesn’t just destroy cities. Some of its worst effects travel quietly, through the air we breathe

Bombing and explosions do enormous damage to the environment. Ecosystems get destroyed and oil fields catch fire. All of this pumps more and more carbon into the air. The whole system that keeps life going on this planet is slowly breaking down. Humans, animals, plants, the soil under our feet, the water we drink and the air we breathe — all are suffering. None of this is winning anyone anything. The ones causing the destruction are not safe either.

What actually burns in a war?

In a regular house fire, it is wood, plastic and fabric that burn. The smoke is really bad, but it’s basically organic stuff: carbon, mostly. Your body can deal with ‘some’ of that. War is different. In wars, a fuel depot may get hit, a factory catches fire or military vehicles burn. Here, we are not dealing with wood and basic stuff anymore. The stuff in these includes plastics, heavy metals, industrial chemicals, rubber and electronics — things that were designed to ‘not to catch fire’, so when they do, what comes off them is seriously dangerous.

The scientific term for these particles is PM2.5: particulate matter that’s smaller than 2.5 micrometres. For comparison, a human hair is about 70 micrometres wide. Imagine how minuscule these particles can be; you can’t see them with your naked eye and a regular cloth mask basically does nothing to stop them from entering your respiratory tract. They go straight into your body and start irritating your lungs before you even know it.

Children and the elderly are more vulnerable and the damage is not immediately visible; it builds up silently. By the time a child starts coughing more than usual or gets tired too quickly, it is evident that their lungs just don’t work as well as they should; the harm was already done a long time ago.

Illustration by Gazein Khan

The atmosphere has no checkpoints

When a massive fire starts, say, an oil refinery gets bombed and fire erupts, the heat doesn’t only push smoke sideways. It pushes it up, way up, high enough to reach what’s called the ‘jet stream’ (the term used in aviation), which is essentially a fast-moving river of air that circles the planet at high altitude. Once smoke gets up there, it can cover hundreds of kilometres in a single day.

Organisations like Nasa and the Conflict and Environment Observatory, track these plumes using satellites. During the early years of the war in Ukraine, when fuel depots were being hit, researchers could watch the resulting smoke clouds drift across the Black Sea and affect air quality in Turkey and Georgia. Not metaphorically, measurably. The numbers in those countries actually changed.

This is why even those countries that have no involvement in any conflict can wake up and see the sun looking pale orange or smell something faintly chemical in the air. It’s the effects of someone else’s war that quietly arrives at their doorstep.

Soot changes more than just the air

When you wear a black shirt in summer, many of you feel hot. And if you change to a white one, you immediately feel better. Why? Because black absorbs heat while white reflects it. The same thing happens in the sky. When war fills the air with black carbon, basically soot from burning fuel and chemicals, it acts the same way a black shirt does. It is the same physics but on a far bigger scale.

However, in the case of a shirt, you had the option to change, but in the case of the sky and environment, unfortunately, you alone cannot change them. That soot comes back down and falls on land, snow, ice, glaciers and mountain tops. Once soot covers snow or ice, it stops reflecting sunlight the way it normally would and starts soaking up heat instead. This causes it to melt way faster than it naturally should. For millions of people who depend on glacier and mountain snow as their only source of drinking water or water for agriculture, this is nothing short of a disaster.

When rain becomes a problem

Clean rain is one of the healthiest natural blessings. It rinses everything, fills rivers and gets absorbed in the ground. But when fuel depots catch fire, military equipment melts and factories burn, the air is then filled with sulphur and nitrogen. And when the rain falls, it picks these harmful chemicals up on the way down.

So what reaches the ground is not really clean rain. It arrives carrying something it shouldn’t. And that small contamination, over a few seasons, starts showing in the soil. Trees struggle to grow, lakes and ponds turn hostile to fish — they stop reproducing and smaller creatures also disappear. Recently, when it rained around various parts of the country, you might have heard your parents restricting you from playing or going out in the rain, because this was the main concern.

Blocked light, smaller harvests

Plants thrive in sunlight. That’s basic biology. What’s less obvious is how much difference even a small reduction in sunlight means to agriculture. Where there is heavy fighting, the air above becomes full of smoke and dust for months. That haze stays between the sun and the ground like a dirty sheet. The sunlight that gets through is weaker than it should be. Studies have found this can cut solar radiation by 10 to 20 percent in conflict areas.

Now that sounds like a small number until you think about what it means for a farmer. A farmer’s crops still grow, just not enough. And in farming, not enough is not a small problem. That 10 percent difference can be the line between a family eating properly and a family going short.

War’s damage doesn’t stay where the war is taking place. Right now, because of the conflict involving Iran, the Strait of Hormuz, the single most important oil route in the world is blocked. Pakistan is already facing the results. Fuel price has shot up. And when fuel goes up, everything becomes more expensive — flour, rice, vegetables, transport, local bus fare and the electricity bill. The war is taking place somewhere else, but the price hike is happening at our local market today!

What’s actually possible?

It would be dishonest to wrap this up with a simple action plan that makes it feel manageable, because the scale of it genuinely isn’t simple. But thankfully, now air quality monitoring has become more accessible. Apps like IQAir pull from a global network of sensors and give you real-time data on what you’re breathing.

Knowing what the air is like gives you a chance to protect yourself. You can choose to stay in, keep your windows closed and wear a proper mask that filters out PM2.5 when you do go out. None of this solves the bigger problem, but it does mean you’re breathing in a lot less of the harmful stuff every day.

We keep on pushing everyone to plant trees. Why? Because they are a gift to us from Mother Earth, they hold the earth and living things together. Don’t take them for granted. Trees clean the air around them. Of course, a few plants can’t undo years of pollution rising from industries and factories or even the aftermath of explosions, but they still make a real difference for the neighbourhood. The air right around those trees becomes cleaner, and this is what we actually want.

Why does this matter?

The atmosphere is shared. The sky above Karachi, Multan, Peshawar, Gaza, Tehran and Kyiv is all the same sky. What burns there reaches everywhere. But what we choose to know, talk about and demand change — that matters!

We are a generation that has access to information like no generation before us. We can see the satellite images. We can check the air quality on our phones. We can read the research; therefore, we must pay attention and do our part.

Clean air isn’t a luxury. It’s something we’re all meant to have. But right now, war is taking it away, not just from those living through it, but from all of us in ways we don’t always see. Maybe it’s time we stop treating it like someone else’s problem.

Published in Dawn, Young World, April 11th, 2026



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Movie review: The Super Mario Galaxy – Newspaper

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The Super Mario Galaxy Movie is running in the theatres and is an excellent opportunity to spend whatever is left of your eidi, with your friends.

The exciting sequel to The Super Mario Bros. Movie, brings back beloved characters like Mario, Luigi, Princess Peach and Bowser for another fun adventure. The 98-minute animated movie expands Nintendo’s colourful universe beyond the familiar Mushroom Kingdom and into outer space. The movie also introduces new characters like Rosalina and Bowser Jr, adding new twists while keeping the classic Mario spirit alive.

Directed by Aaron Horvath and Michael Jelenic, the same duo who were behind the first part, the film brings back familiar voices as well. Chris Pratt voices Mario, Charlie Day voices Luigi, Anya Taylor-Joy voices Princess Peach and Jack Black returns as the powerful and funny Bowser. Brie Larsonis is the voice of Princess Rosalina, the elder sister of Peach, while Bowser Junior is voiced by Benny Safdie.

The story begins with the mysterious disappearance of the cosmic princess Rosalina. This idea is inspired by the popular Super Mario Galaxy series. As Mario and his friends set out to find her, they travel through colourful planets and imaginative worlds filled with surprises. The movie is full of bright animation, exciting chases, and funny moments. There are lots of silly jokes, physical comedy and playful scenes. The story is simple and easy to follow, which makes it perfect for kids while still being fun for older fans too.

The interesting addition of Star Fox brings a fun surprise for long-time Nintendo fans. It even reminds some viewers of the famous Star Wars trilogy. In those movies, heroes like Luke Skywalker, Obi-Wan Kenobi, and Han Solo work together to rescue Princess Leia from Darth Vader.

The movie also shares warm messages about friendship and caring for others. The characters show how helping friends, staying brave and working together can solve big problems. The film feels both fun and heart-warming. Now playing in cinemas, it has become a popular family outing, with kids happily bringing their parents along to enjoy the colourful adventure together.

Published in Dawn, Young World, April 11th, 2026



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Story time: Phantom of my loneliness – Newspaper

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All my life, I had been extremely introverted. Talking to people almost choked me, and no one really liked me because I did not possess the ability to please others, something that often comes with good communication skills, which I unfortunately lacked. This introversion always made me the side character at school. I used to sit alone, whether in the classroom or the canteen. I never had friends who would wait for me or help me with my studies.

Sometimes I felt peaceful when no one was around, but this happiness was only temporary. After cutting myself off from people and remaining isolated for months, I fell into an endless abyss of loneliness and slowly started losing my mind.

After the summer holidays, I returned to school as a fresher in the seventh grade. Everything felt awkward. After the morning assembly, when I walked into my classroom, I noticed several unfamiliar faces. They were all happily talking and smiling with each other. But in the far-left corner sat a student who immediately caught my attention.

He had greyish eyes, middle-parted hair, a clear face and a sharp nose. He sat there like a statue — motionless and detached, not reacting to anything around him.

I walked over and greeted him. As soon as he saw me, he smiled and made space for me on the bench. I introduced myself, and he began telling me about himself. After a very long time, I had finally met someone interesting, someone who seemed to like me even though I barely spoke. Yet he was always with me.

We did our work together and spent much of the time sitting quietly, without caring about others.

But one day, something completely unexpected happened. The principal called my parents to school. I was astonished because I had done nothing wrong, so I couldn’t understand why they had been summoned.

After the meeting, my parents took me home and asked a strange question: “Why do you always talk to yourself in class and around the school?”

I was stunned. For a moment, I didn’t know how to react. I had never talked to myself. I always talked to my friend, who was constantly beside me. But the teacher had told my parents something shocking, no student with such a name was admitted to the school, and they had never seen me talking to anyone. According to them, I was always alone.

I was bewildered. How could this be possible? Why were they all saying this about my friend?

After a few days away from school, my parents took me to a doctor. There, they discovered that I had a condition called dissociative identity disorder (DID). In this disorder, a person can create distinct identities and interact with them as if they were real.

After a long and painful struggle, I gradually forgot my friend, who, according to everyone else, had never existed. After a six-month break, I returned to school feeling healthier and happier, as therapy and social interaction had helped me greatly.

When I rejoined school, I no longer saw my friend. That was when I finally understood that he had only been a hallucination. And from that day onwards, I have been living my life fully with the same children I once felt distant from.

Published in Dawn, Young World, April 11th, 2026



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Story time: Hassan’s bicycle – Newspaper

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Illustration by Aamnah Arshad

“Mum, do you need any help?” Hassan asked.

His mother paused for a moment before answering. She felt both happy and confused — happy because her son had offered help and confused because he was rarely seen doing any work around the house. He usually spent most of his time in his room playing video games or doing random things.

“Okay, could you please put the plates on the table?” she said.

Hassan carefully picked up the stack of plates and placed them on the table. “Anything else?” Hassan asked.

“No, thank you, son.”

“Okay… well… Mum… I was thinking… could you buy me a new bicycle?”

“Oh! So that’s the real reason my lazy son is suddenly helping around the house,” she said, teasing him.

Hassan smiled, a little embarrassed.

“Alright, we’ll see,” she said. Hassan jumped with joy and hugged her.

“But there is one condition,” she added. “I saw your last maths result.”

Hassan flinched slightly, knowing what was coming next.

“It was not satisfactory at all. You barely passed. I want you to get an A grade in your next maths quiz.”

Hassan sighed dramatically. “So that basically means no,” he said.

Hassan was quite a lazy boy. But if he truly wanted something, he would do everything possible to achieve it. However, this time the goal seemed almost impossible, getting an A grade, and that too in maths.

He had never really paid attention to his studies, but since he had made a promise to his mother, he stayed firm. He set his goal clearly in his mind. He wanted that bicycle, and for that, he would do whatever his mother asked.

From the very next day at school, Hassan not only paid attention in class but also started asking questions whenever he had doubts. With each passing day, the quiz drew nearer. He followed this routine for almost two weeks.

Finally, the quiz day arrived. Hassan was well prepared and did his best. The results came out the next day. It was no surprise, when someone works sincerely and consistently, they usually achieve their goal. Hassan had scored an A grade in maths. Although his grades in other subjects were below average, he didn’t care much; he had achieved what he had worked so hard for.

As promised, he was given a bicycle and from the next day onwards, Hassan rode his bicycle all around the neighbourhood. Sometimes he would ride for more than an hour, and his mother would worry when he stayed out too long. But he didn’t think much of it, he was finally enjoying what he had longed for. To him, nothing felt as exciting or satisfying as that moment. He was having the best time of his life.

One day at school, Hassan was chatting and laughing with his friends when the class representative walked in.

“Guys! I have two good news to announce.”

The whole class erupted into cheers, shouting and banging their desks.

“The first good news is that our teacher is not coming today.”

The classroom burst into even louder cheers.

“And the second news is even bigger,” the CR added dramatically. “Our class is going on a school trip on Thursday!”

Again, the class exploded with excitement. “Woohoo!”

While everyone was thrilled, Hassan noticed Hamza sitting quietly in a corner.

“Hey Hamza, what’s wrong? Aren’t you excited about the trip?” Hassan asked.

Hamza paused, then replied softly, “My father recently lost his job, so I can’t go afford to pay for the trip. But it’s okay, we’ll go together next time.”

Hassan felt a heaviness in his chest. That night, he couldn’t stop thinking about Hamza. At first, he thought of asking his classmates to contribute money, but then realised Hamza might feel embarrassed.

After thinking for a long time, Hassan made a difficult decision.

The next morning, he went to the bicycle shop where he had bought his bicycle and sold it back for much less than its actual price. Then he went to school and quietly paid the trip fee for Hamza.

When Hamza found out, he was overwhelmed with happiness. “Thank you so much, Hassan,” he said, his eyes filled with tears.

Hassan simply smiled.

When he got home, he told his mother everything. Instead of scolding him, she hugged him tightly. She was proud that her son had such a kind and compassionate heart.

Two days later, the students went on the trip, all of them excited, feeling like school was the happiest place in the world, at least for that day.

When Hassan returned home, he stopped at the door in surprise.

A brand-new blue bicycle stood right in front of him, with his mother beside it.

He ran to her and hugged her tightly, tears filling both their eyes.

“Thank you, Mum,” he said, full of joy.

“I bought it because you proved you deserved it, my son,” she said gently, and looked at him with pride.

And in that moment, Hassan understood — kindness always finds its way back.

Published in Dawn, Young World, April 11th, 2026



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